Full closure of the vocal tract, made with both lips.
Vocal folds held open.
As in English [pɪn] “pin”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the tongue tip or blade against the teeth.
Vocal folds held open.
As in Murrinh-Patha [pʌt̪ʌ] meaning good.

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the tongue tip raised to the alveolar ridge.
Vocal folds held open.
As in English [tæn] “tan”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the tongue tip curled back, touching behind the alveolar ridge.
Vocal folds vibrating
As in Hindi [ʈal] meaning “postpone”.

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the middle of the tongue (between blade and dorsum) raised to the hard palate.
Vocal folds held open.
As in Quechua [ciri] meaning “cold”.

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the back of the tongue raised to the velum.
Vocal folds held open.
As in English [kɪl] “kill”.

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the back of the tongue raised to the uvular.
Vocal folds held open.
As in Quechua [qara] meaning “skin”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the vocal chords.
Vocal folds held shut.
As in Uyghur [ʔotuN] “your fire”, or English [ʔɒʔoʊ] “oh-oh”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with both lips.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [bɪn] “bin”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the tongue tip or blade touching the teeth.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Hindi [d̪ʌn] meaning “charity”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the tongue tip raised to the alveolar ridge.
Vocal folds vibrating
As in English [dɪn] “din”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the tongue tip curled back, touching behind the alveolar ridge.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Hindi [ɖaɪ] meaning “branch”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the middle of the tongue (between blade and dorsum) raised to the hard palate.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Dyirbal [ɟʌnɟʌ] meaning “now”‘

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the back of the tongue raised to the velum.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [gɪl] “gill”

Full closure of the vocal tract, made with the back of the tongue raised to the uvula.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Tabassaran [Gan] meaning “stone”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made with both lips.
Vocal folds held open.
As in Japanese [ɸɯdʒi] meaning “Fuji”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by touching the upper teeth and lower lip.
Vocal folds held open
As in English [fʊt] “foot”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by touching the tongue tip or blade to the teeth.
Vocal folds held open.
As in English “thing”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the tongue tip to the alveolar ridge.
Vocal folds held open.
As in English [sɪp] “sip”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the blade of the tongue to the area between the alveolar and palate.
Vocal folds held open.
As in English [ʃɪp]  “ship”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made with the middle of the tongue (between blade and dorsum) raised to the hard palate.
Vocal folds held open.
As in German [ɪç] meaning “I”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the back of the tongue to the velum.
Vocal folds held open.
As in Spanish [xamas] meaning “never”.

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the back of the tongue to the uvula.
Vocal folds held open.
As in French [lɛtχ] meaning “letter”.

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by approximating the vocal cords.
Vocal folds held slightly open.
As in English [hɪl] “hill”.

Near closure of the vocal tract, made with both lips.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Fijian [suβʌ] Meaning “Suva”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by touching the upper teeth and lower lip.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [væn] “van”

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by touching the tongue tip or blade to the teeth.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English “this”.

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the tongue tip to the alveolar ridge.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [zɪp] “zip”.

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the blade of the tongue to the area between the alveolar and palate.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English MD=[eɪʒə], HCE=[æɪʒə] “Asia”.

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the back of the tongue to the velum.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Spanish [diɣa] meaning “speak”.

Near closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the back of the tongue to the uvula.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in some dialects of French [ʁuʒ] meaning “red”.

Full closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the blade of the tongue to the area between the alveolar and palate, followed by fricative release.
Vocal folds held open.
As in English [tʃɪp] “chip”.

Full closure of the vocal tract, made by raising the blade of the tongue to the area between the alveolar and palate, followed by fricative release.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [dʒæm] “jam”.

Closure of the vocal tract, made with both lips. Velum lowered, airflow through the nasal cavity.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [mæn] “man”.

Closure of the vocal tract, made with the tongue tip or blade against the teeth. Velum lowered, airflow through the nasal cavity.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Malayalam [pʌn̪n̪i] meaning “pig”.

Closure of the vocal tract, made with the tongue tips raised to the alveolar ridge. Velum lowered, airflow through nasal cavity.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [nɪp] “nip”.

Closure of the vocal tract, made with tongue tip curled back, touching behind the alveolar ridge. Velum lowered, airflow through nasal cavity.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Malayalam [eɳɳʌ] meaning “oil”

Closure of the vocal tract, made with the middle of the tongue (between blade and dorsum) raised to the hard palate. Velum lowered, airflow through nasal cavity.
Vocal folds vibrating. As in Ngen’giwumirri [ɲɪɲɪ] meaning ‘you’.”

Closure of the vocal tract, made with the back of the tongue raised to the velum. Velum lowered, airflow through nasal cavity.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [sɪŋ] “sing”.

Closure of the vocal tract, made with the back of the tongue raised to the uvular. Velum lowered, airflow through nasal cavity.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Uyghur [ʔotuN] meaning “your fire”.

Tongue tip raised to the alveolar ridge, tongue sides lowered so that air flows over them, either side of tip.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [lɪp] “lip”.

Tongue tip curled back, touching behind alveolar ridge. Tongue sides lowered so that air flows over them.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Nunggubuyu [ɭiba] meaning “paperbark”.

Made with the middle of the tongue (between blade and dorsum) raised to the hard palate. Tongue sides lowered so that air flows either side of the raised blade.
Vocal folds vibrating. As in Italian [fiʎʎo] meaning “son”

Tongue tip raised near alveolar ridge, airflow sets up a high speed oscillation.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Spanish [pero] meaning “dog”.

The back of the tongue is raised so that it is held loosely agains the uvular. The airflow sets up a high speed vibration in the uvula.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in some dialects of French [ʀuʒ] meaning “red”.

A single muscle contraction flicks the tongue tip against the alveolar ridge.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Spanish [peɾo] meaning “but”.

Curled back tongue tip flaps forward striking post-alveolar region.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in Hindi [bəɽɑ]  meaning “big”.

Tongue tip raised toward alveolar ridge.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [ɹɪd] “rid”.

Sometimes referred to as “labial velar”, this sound involves both lip rounding and raising the dorsum towards the velum.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [wɪn] “win”

Made with the middle of the tongue (between blade and dorsum) raised to the hard palate.
Vocal folds vibrating.
As in English [jɪə] “year”.’